Technology
The recycling scale of global energy storage batteries will exceed 1TWh in 2030
Seetao 2022-11-02 10:52
  • China's installed capacity of power battery is expected to account for about 45% of the world
  • At present, the recycling of waste lithium-ion batteries in China is mainly divided into cascade recycling and recycling
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The rapid increase in the penetration rate of the global new energy vehicle market has stimulated the increase in the installed capacity of power batteries year by year. At the same time, the technical route of lithium iron phosphate battery in the field of electrochemical energy storage is becoming the mainstream scheme for increasing the installed capacity in recent years, and its proportion is rapidly increasing. In the future, with the large-scale retirement of power and energy storage batteries, it is estimated that by 2030, the global recovery scale of power and energy storage batteries will exceed 1TWh, of which the recovery scale of lithium iron phosphate batteries will account for more than 58%.

Many competitors, but the actual recycling scale of retired power batteries is limited

However, there are still several problems to be solved in the battery recycling industry at this stage. At this stage, the development of the lithium ion battery recycling industry is still in its early stage, and about 70% of the waste batteries come from the defective products and waste materials of the battery factory. The actual recycling scale is still small. The number of participants in the battery recycling industry continues to increase, and the overall industry standardization still needs to be improved.

Taking the Chinese market as an example, since 2020, China has continued to introduce the power battery recycling policy. In just one year in 2021, there will be more than 10000 newly registered battery recycling related enterprises, about four times more than in 2020. However, by the end of 2021, there were only 45 enterprises that met the requirements of the Industrial Specifications for the Comprehensive Utilization of Waste and Used Power Batteries for New Energy Vehicles issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China. It is worth noting that at present, the annual capacity of white list enterprises for comprehensive treatment of waste batteries has exceeded 1.01 million tons, and the planned capacity of enterprises for treatment has exceeded 4.25 million tons. However, the actual recovery of lithium ion batteries in China in 2021 will be less than 300000 tons, which shows that the capacity of battery recycling industry is relatively idle.

Step by step with recycling to create a circular economy in the battery industry

From the perspective of China, one of the largest new energy vehicle markets in the world, the installed capacity of the global power battery market will exceed 3TWh by 2030, and the installed capacity of China's power battery is expected to account for about 45% of the world's total. Therefore, effective use of the full life cycle of the battery will be one of the important ways to build a low-carbon economy in the future. In addition to making up for the shortage of resources, battery recycling, compared with the mining, production and use of primary mine resources, It can reduce the impact and pressure on the environment and resources.

At present, the recycling of waste lithium-ion batteries in China is mainly divided into cascade utilization and recycling. Cascade utilization refers to the cascade utilization of power batteries when the power storage capacity is reduced to less than 80%, which is used in such fields as power backup, small energy storage, low-speed vehicles, and four wheel micro electric vehicles. However, most of the cascade utilization in the energy storage field is still in the experimental and demonstration stage, and is excluded from large energy storage projects by the National Energy Administration of China; Recycling mainly refers to the recycling of lithium, cobalt, nickel and other valuable metals after the disassembly of the retired power battery, and the recycling of battery materials.Editor/Xing Wentao

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