Recently, a new batch of integrated protection and restoration projects of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand have been started. These projects focus on the key nodes of the three zones and four belts ecological Safety barrier area and the national major development strategy area. Since 2016, the central government has invested approximately 10 billion yuan annually in the implementation of 51 integrated protection and restoration projects for mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and sand across the country. It is expected that the total investment from 2021 to 2030 will exceed 250 billion yuan, which will revitalize 10 million hectares of land.

Over the past decade, China has adhered to the principle of promoting the development of land greening with major projects. Megaproject such as Ancient woodland protection, Grain for Green and grassland, and Three-North Shelterbelt Program have made progress in the total amount and quality of afforestation. The country has completed a total of 1.02 billion acres of afforestation, with the area of artificial forests ranking first in the world. China has become the country with the fastest and most growing forest resources globally.

In the past decade, China has completed 20.33 million hectares of desertification control tasks, and 53% of the controllable desertification land has been treated. The net reduction in desertification and land area compared to ten years ago is 5 million hectares, and the average vegetation coverage in sandy areas has increased by 2.6 percentage points. The desert ecosystem is showing a trend of enhanced functionality and stable improvement. China has achieved the United Nations' goal of achieving zero growth in land degradation by 2030 ahead of schedule.

In October 2021, China officially established the first five national parks, including Sanjiangyuan and Giant Panda. At present, we are pushing Qilian Mountains, Qianjiangyuan, Nanshan, Shennongjia and Shangri La to improve the establishment conditions of five original national park system pilot areas, and promoting the establishment of 12 national park candidate areas such as the Yellow River Estuary.

Since 2023, China has fully completed the delineation of ecological protection red line. A red line has included 3 million square kilometers of land area and 150000 square kilometers of sea area into the protection scope, effectively protecting 90% of Terrestrial ecosystem types and 74% of national key protected wildlife species. Editor/Zhao E